biology notes class

5 Stages in Life cycle of Puccinia Kingdom:  Fungi Phylum:  Basidiomycota Class:  Pucciniomycetes Order:  Pucciniales Family:  Pucciniaceae Genus:  Puccinia (according to the latest classification system) P. graminis   is an obligate parasite, and heteroecious rust. P. graminis   causes black rust of wheat Heteroecious fungus:  Life cycle is completed on two different hosts. The wheat plant is called the primary host where dikaryophase is completed and the barberry plant is secondary or alternate host where haplophase is completed. Both hosts are required to complete the life cycle. Puccinia life cycle summarized in five stages Life cycle in Wheat •  Wheat is the primary host upon which dikaryophase of the pathogen is completed •  This phase consists of well developed branched, septate, dikaryotic vegetative mycelium and two spore stages namely, uridenial stage and telial stage. Stage I in Wheat:   Aecidiospores germinates on wheat;

VIRUS   REPLICATION   IN   BACTERIOPHAGE - Virus are cellul ar , non- cytoplasmic obligate parasite. - Dmitri lvanovsky 1892 1 st   discover virous. TYPES OF VIRUS--- - Their are 3 types, 1.Animal virus 2. Plant virus 3. Bacteriophage 1. ANIMAL VIRUS - The virus which infect and live inside the animal cell ,including man are called as animal virus . - Their genetic material is RNA or DNA. EX- influenza virus , rabies cirus etc. 2. PLANT VIRUS - The virus thats infects the plant are called as plant virus . - The genetic material is RNA, but it remains present in protin cort. EX- tobacco amsic virus , potato virus etc. 3. BACTERIOPHAGE -The virus which infect the bacterial cell is called as bacteriophage . -The genetic material DNA. REPLICATION    IN   BACTERIOPHAGE - The replication in bacteriophage is 2 types name as, A. LYTIC CYCLE OF BACTERIOPHAGE - Lytic cycle complited in following 6 following steps, 1. AB